More on cellular-Lindelöf spaces (Q2324561)

A topological space \(X\) is said to be \textit{cellular-Lindelöf}\, if for every family \(\mathcal{U}\) of pairwise disjoint non-empty open sets of \(X\) there is a Lindelöf subspace \(L \subseteq X\) such that \(U \cap L \neq \emptyset\) for every \(U \in \mathcal{U}\). This class of topological spaces was recently introduced by \textit{A. Bella} and \textit{S. Spadaro} [Monatsh. Math. 186, No. 2, 345--353 (2018; Zbl 1398.54008)] and generalizes both Lindelöf spaces and c.c.c. spaces. If \(A\) is a subset of \(X\) and \(\mathcal{U}\) is a family of subsets of \(X\), the \textit{star} of \(A\) with respect to \(\mathcal{U}\) is given by \(\mathrm{St}(A,\mathcal{U}) := \bigcup\{U \in \mathcal{U}: U \cap A \neq \emptyset\}\). We put \(\mathrm{St}^0(A,\mathcal{U}) = A\) and, for every natural number \(n\), \(\mathrm{St}^{n+1}(A,\mathcal{U}) = \mathrm{St}(\mathrm{St}^{n}(A,\mathcal{U}),\mathcal{U})\). For simplicity, we write \(\mathrm{St}^n(x,\mathcal{U})\) instead of \(\mathrm{St}^n(\{x\},\mathcal{U})\). A topological space \(X\) is said to have a \textit{rank 2-diagonal}\, if there is a sequence \(\{\mathcal{U}_n: n \in \omega\}\) of open covers of \(X\) such that for each \(x \in X\) one has \(\{x\} = \bigcap\{\mathrm{St}^2(x,\mathcal{U}_n): n \in \omega\}\). A topological space \(X\) is said to have a \textit{\(G_\delta\)-diagonal} if the diagonal \(\Delta_X = \{(x,x):x \in X\}\) is a \(G_\delta\) subset of the topological product \(X \times X\), and it is said to have a \textit{regular \(G_\delta\)-diagonal} if there is a countable family \(\{U_n: n \in \omega\}\) of open neighbourhoods of the diagonal \(\Delta_X\) in the square \(X \times X\) such that \(\Delta_X = \bigcap\{\overline{U_n}: n \in \omega\}\). If \(X\) is a Hausdorff space, the \textit{Hausdorff pseudocharacter} of \(X\), denoted \(H\psi(X)\), is the smallest infinite cardinal \(\kappa\) such that for each \(x \in X\) there is a collection \(\{V(\alpha,x):\alpha < \kappa\}\) of open neighbourhoods of \(X\) such that if \(x \neq y\) then there exist \(\alpha, \beta < \kappa\) such that \(V(\alpha,x) \cap V(\beta,y) = \emptyset\). In the paper under review, the authors first discuss some basic properties of cellular-Lindelöf spaces such as the behaviour with respect to products and subspaces. The authors also prove that a normal, cellular-Lindelöf quasitopological group with countable Hausdorff pseudocharacter has cardinality at most \(\mathfrak{c}\). Finally, they introduce and investigate the class of cellular-compact (cellular \(\sigma\)-compact) spaces and prove that every cellular \(\sigma\)-compact Hausdorff space having either a rank 2-diagonal or a regular \(G_\delta\)-diagonal has cardinality at most \(\mathfrak{c}\). Some new questions are also posed. For instance: is it true that every first-countable cellular-compact (or, cellular-\(\sigma\)-compact) Hausdorff space has cardinality at most \(\mathfrak{c}\)?