A bimodule structure for the bounded cohomology of commutative local rings (Q2324646)

This article proves that, for a class of Gorenstein rings, \(\mathcal{Z}\)-graded $k$-algebra is a trivial extension of absolute cohomology \( \mathrm{Ext}_R (k, k)\) and a shift of \( \mathrm{Hom}_k ( \mathrm{Ext}_R (k, k), k)\). The main goal of this paper is to understand the algebra structure of the \( \widehat{ \mathrm{Ext}_R}(k,k) \) for Gorenstein rings. The article has seven sections and 20 pages long and it requires high degree of patience to read and sharp memory of concepts to understand it. Anyway, the author has presented his view in an elucidate manner and had gone ahead to proof the conclusion. Sections 1 and 2 are for the foundation and third section is the highlight of this article in which the author defined a \( \mathrm{Ext}_R (N, N)- \mathrm{Ext}_R(k, k)\)-bimodule structure on \( \mathrm{Ext}_R(k, R) \otimes_k \mathrm{Tor}^R (k, N)\) . The author in Theorem 3.4 and Corollary 3.5 has proved that \( \mathrm{Ext}_R (k, R) \otimes_k \mathrm{Tor}^R (k, N)\) is isomorphic as a bimodule to \( \overline{ \mathrm{Ext}_R} (k, N)\) as follows. Theorem 3.4. Let \(F\) be the acyclic closure of \(k\) and \(G\) a minimal free resolution of \(N\). Then the Künneth map \[ \kappa:H ( \mathrm{Hom}_R (F,R)) \otimes_{H(F)} H(F \otimes_{R} G) \longrightarrow H( \mathrm{Hom}_R (F,R) \otimes_{F} (F \otimes_{R} G)) \] is an isomorphism of \( \mathrm{Ext}_R (N, N)- \mathrm{Ext}_R (k, k)\)-bimodules. Corollary 3.5. The composition \[ H(\omega) \circ\kappa : \mathrm{Ext}_R (k,R) \otimes_{k} \mathrm{Tor}^R (k,N) \longrightarrow \overline{ \mathrm{Ext}_R }(k,N) \] where \(\kappa\) is the Künneth map, is an isomorphism of \( \mathrm{Ext}_R(N, N)- \mathrm{Ext}_R(k, k)\)-bimodules. In Section 4 the author has defined the \(\mathrm{Ext}_R (k, k)- \mathrm{Ext}_R (N, N)\)-bimodule structure on the \(k\)-dual of \( \mathrm{Tor}^R (N, k)\), and hence proved it is isomorphic to \( \mathrm{Ext}_R (N, k)\). In Section 5, Theorem 5.2, the author proved that \( \widehat{ \mathrm{Ext}_R }(k, k)\) is isomorphic to a trivial extension algebra of \( \mathrm{Ext}_R (k, k)\) and a shift of its \(k\)-dual, provided that \(R\) is a Gorenstein ring with depth \( \mathrm{Ext}_R (k, k) \leq 2\). In the sixth section, using the structural information on \( \widehat{ \mathrm{Ext}_R} (k, k)\), he characterized the rings \(R\) for which the algebra \( \widehat{ \mathrm{Ext}_R } (k, k)\) is graded-commutative. In the conclusion section, he gave a multiplication table for the right \( \mathrm{Ext}_R (k, k)\)-module structure of \(\overline{ \mathrm{Ext}_R}(k, k) \cong \mathrm{Ext}_R(k, k) \otimes_k \mathrm{Tor}^R(k, k)\) for local Noetherian rings of embedding dimension \(e\) with \(m^2 = 0\). Overall, this an interesting article which is well researched, presented and worth reading.