Hadamard type operators on temperate distributions (Q2326023)

An Hadamard operator is a continuous linear operator which admits all monomials as eigenvectors and has no other eigenvectors. Examples are given by the Euler operators \( \sum_\alpha c_\alpha \theta^\alpha \), where \( \theta = ( x_j \frac{\partial}{\partial x_j} )_j \) and the sum runs over a finite set of multiindices. A distribution \(T\) on \( \mathbb R^d \) is called \(\theta\)-rapidly decreasing at infinity and at the coordinate hyperplanes if for each \( k \) there are finitely many functions \( t_\beta \) such that \( (|x|^{2k} + |x|^{-2k}) t_\beta \in L_\infty(\mathbb R^d) \) and \( T = \sum_\beta \theta^\beta t_\beta \). The space of these distributions is denoted by \( \mathscr O'_H(\mathbb R^d_*) \). In this language, the main theorem of [\textit{D. Vogt}, Stud. Math. 237, No. 2, 137--152 (2017; Zbl 1387.47019)] states that an operator \(L\) in \( \mathscr D'(\mathbb R^d) \) is an Hadamard operator if and only if there is \( T \in \mathscr O'_H(\mathbb R^d_*) \) such that \( L \) maps \( S \) to \( S \star T \) and the support of \( T \) has positive distance to the coordinate hyperplanes. Here, \( \star \) denotes multiplicative convolution. The main result of the present paper states that an operator \(L\) in \( \mathscr S'(\mathbb R^d) \) is an Hadamard operator if and only if there is \( T \in \mathscr O'_H(\mathbb R^d_*) \) such that \( L \) maps \( S \) to \( S \star T \). The proof relies on the characterization, also shown in the paper, of the Hadamard operators in the space of tempered distributions on an orthant. Hadamard operators on spaces of real analytic functions were characterized in [\textit{P. Domański} et al., J. Funct. Anal. 269, No.~12, 3868--3913 (2015; Zbl 1341.46016)] and on spaces of smooth functions in [\textit{D. Vogt}, Math. Nachr. 288, No.~2--3, 353--361 (2015; Zbl 1314.47119)].