Cyclicity of \((1,3)\)-switching FF type equilibria (Q2326643)

The paper deals with the \((1,3)\)-switching polynomial differential system \[ \begin{pmatrix}\dot x\\ \dot y\end{pmatrix}=\begin{cases}\mathcal{X}_+(x,y)&\text{if }y>0,\\ \mathcal{X}_-(x,y)&\text{if }y<0, \end{cases}\tag{1} \] where \[ \mathcal{X}_+(x,y):=\begin{pmatrix} \lambda_1x-y+\lambda_2x^3+\lambda_3x^2y+\lambda_4xy^2+\lambda_5y^3\\ x+\lambda_1y+\lambda_6x^3+\lambda_7x^2y+\lambda_8xy^2+\lambda_9y^3\end{pmatrix},\quad \mathcal{X}_{-}(x,y):=\begin{pmatrix} -y\\ x \end{pmatrix}, \] which has an FF type equilibrium at \(O\). The authors prove that an upper bound of cyclicity of system (1) at \(O\) is at most \(k\) (by using the averaging method up to the \(k\)-th order), and a lower bound of cyclicity of system (1) at \(O\) is at least \(3\) (by using the averaging method up to \(6\)-th order).