Quintic polynomials having Galois closure of genus zero with Galois group \(A_5\) (Q2326686)

Let \(k=GF(q)\) where \(q=p^t\), \(p>5\) is a prime number, and \(q\equiv \pm 1\pmod{5}\). Let \(f(x)=x^5+ax^3+bx^2+cx\), where \(a,b,c\in k\). The two main results of this paper are Theorem 1 and Theorem 2. Theorem 1 states: The Galois closure of \(k(x)/k(f(x))\) has Galois group \(A_5\) if and only if \((a,b,c)=(30d^2,-100d^3,105d^4)\), for some \(d\in k^\times\). The author's proof makes extensive use of the theory of Artin \(L\)-functions. In case \(a,b,c\) are as in Theorem 1, Theorem 2 explicitly gives the size of \(|f(k)|\). However, the statement of Theorem 2 is case-by-case, depending on the congruence class of \(q \pmod{60}\), so it's exact statement is omitted here.