Decomposition of Brownian loop-soup clusters (Q2327713)

Summary: We study the structure of Brownian loop-soup clusters in two dimensions. Among other things, we obtain the following decomposition of the clusters with critical intensity: If one conditions a loop-soup cluster on its outer boundary \(\partial\) (which is known to be an \(\text{SLE}_4\)-type loop), then the union of all excursions away from \(\partial\) by all the Brownian loops in the loop-soup that touch \(\partial\) is distributed exactly like the union of all excursions of a Poisson point process of Brownian excursions in the domain enclosed by \(\partial\). A related result that we derive and use is that the couplings of the Gaussian Free Field (GFF) with \(\text{CLE}_4\) via level lines (by Miller-Sheffield), of the square of the GFF with loop-soups via occupation times (by Le Jan), and of the \(\text{CLE}_4\) with loop-soups via loop-soup clusters (by Sheffield and Werner) can be made to coincide. An instrumental role in our proof of this fact is played by Lupu's description of \(\text{CLE}_4\) as limits of discrete loop-soup clusters.