Geometric cycles in compact locally Hermitian symmetric spaces and automorphic representations (Q2328184)

Let \(G\) be a linear, connected, noncompact semisimple real Lie group with maximal compact subgroup \(K\) and let \(X:=G/K\) be the associated symmetric space. Let \(\mathfrak g_0\) be the Lie algebra of \(G\) and \(\theta\) be the Cartan involution on \(G\). Consider the situation when \(\Gamma\) is a uniform lattice such that \(X_{\Gamma}:=\Gamma \backslash X\) is an irreducible Hermitian symmetric space. Let \(G\) denote any one of the groups \(\mathrm{SU}(p,q)\) with \(1\leq p < q- 1\), \(q \geq 5\), \(\mathrm{SO}_0(2, p)\) with \(p\geq 3\), \(\mathrm{Sp}(n, \mathbb R)\) with \(n \neq 4\) and \(\mathrm{SO}^* (2n)\) with \(n \geq 9\). The main result of the present paper shows that there is an irreducible (automorphic) representation \(\mathcal A_{\mathfrak q}\) of \(G\), determined uniquely by certain cohomological properties, associated to a \(\theta\)-stable parabolic subalgebra \(\mathfrak q\) of \(\mathfrak g_0\). Further, \(\mathcal A_{\mathfrak q}\) occurs with non-zero multiplicity in \(L^2(\Lambda \backslash G)\) for suitable lattices \(\Lambda \subset \Gamma\). Pairs of geometric cycles \(C_1\), \(C_2\) in \(X_{\Gamma}\) with dim \(C_1\) + dim \(C_2\) = dim \(X_{\Gamma}\) such that the cup-product of their Poincaré duals is a non-zero element of \(H^*(X_{\Gamma};\mathbb C)\) are also constructed. The significance of such pairs, as proved by \textit{J. J. Millson} and \textit{M. S. Raghunathan} [Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., Math. Sci. 90, 103--123 (1981; Zbl 0524.22012)], is that these cohomology classes \([C j ], j = 1,2\), are then not representable by \(G\)-invariant forms on \(X\). Such `special' cycles were first constructed by Millson and Raghunathan [loc. cit.] when \(G = \mathrm{SU}(p, q), \mathrm{SO}_0(p, q), \mathrm{Sp}(p, q)\) and have since been constructed for other groups by various researchers. The identification of the (finite) set of unitary equivalence classes of the representations \(\mathcal A_{\mathfrak q}\) having certain Hodge types and cohomological consequences of the existence of complex analytic cycles in a compact Kähler manifold are the main ingredients in the proofs.