Plus/minus Heegner points and Iwasawa theory of elliptic curves at supersingular primes (Q2328186)

Let \(E\) be an elliptic curve defined over \(\mathbb Q\) with supersingular reduction at a prime \(p \geq 5\). Let \(K_{\infty}/K\) be the anticyclotomic \(\mathbb Z_p\)-extension of an imaginary quadratic field \(K\) and denote the Iwasawa algebra of \(\Gamma := \mathrm{Gal}(K_{\infty}/K) \simeq \mathbb Z_p\) by \(\Lambda := \mathbb Z_p[[\Gamma]]\). In this article, the authors show that (under certain hypotheses) the \(\Lambda\)-corank of certain plus/minus Selmer groups of \(E\) over \(K_{\infty}\) is \(1\). Moreover, they study the asymptotic behaviour of \(p\)-primary Selmer groups of \(E\) along the anticyclotomic extension. For this, they adapt the \(\Lambda\)-adic Euler system method of \textit{M. Bertolini} [Compos. Math. 99, No. 2, 153--182 (1995; Zbl 0862.11043)] to the supersingular case. This is interesting in its own right. Moreover, it is shown in a short appendix that the two main results can alternatively be deduced from results of \textit{J. Nekovář} [Lond. Math. Soc. Lect. Note Ser. 320, 471--547 (2007; Zbl 1152.11023)], \textit{V. Vatsal} [Duke Math. J. 116, No. 2, 219--261 (2003; Zbl 1065.11048)], and of \textit{A. Iovita} and \textit{R. Pollack} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 598, 71--103 (2006; Zbl 1114.11053)]. We now describe the two main results in a little more detail. Let \(N>3\) be the conductor of \(E\). Write \(N = MD\), where \(D\) is a squarefree product of an even number of primes, and such that \(D\) and \(M\) are coprime. Assume that \(K\) satisfies a modified Heegner hypothesis, i.e., all primes dividing \(pM\) split in \(K\) and all primes dividing \(D\) are inert in \(K\). Moreover, assume that the two primes of \(K\) above \(p\) are totally ramified in \(K_{\infty}\). Finally, assume that the attached Galois representation \[ \rho_{E,p}: G_{\mathbb Q} \rightarrow \mathrm{Aut}(T_p(E)) \] is surjective. Note that there are infinitely many supersingular primes for which the latter condition holds. Under these hypotheses, the authors introduce plus/minus Selmer groups à la Kobayashi and show that their \(\Lambda\)-corank is \(1\). If in addition \(D=1\), the \(\mathbb Z_p\)-corank of the Selmer groups \(\mathrm{Sel}_{p^{\infty}}(E/K_m)\) is \(p^m + O(1)\), where \(K_m\) denotes the \(m\)-th layer of \(K_{\infty}/K\) as usual. This might be seen as the supersingular analogue of the well-known formula for ordinary primes.