On uniform connectivity of algebraic matrix sets (Q2329254)

Let the space \(M_n(\mathbb{C})^m\) of \(m\)-tuples of \(n\times n\) pairwise commuting normal contractions \(\mathbf{X}=(X_1,\ldots,X_m)\) be equipped with some metric \(\eth\). Given \(r\) complex polynomials \(p_1,\ldots,p_r\) in \(m\) variables, the set of algebraic normal contractions is \(\mathbb{Z}\mathbb{D}_n^m(p_1,\ldots,p_r)=\{\mathbf{X}\in M_n(\mathbb{C})^m: \|p_j(\mathbf{X})\|=0\text{ for } j=1,\ldots,r\}\). The author proves the connectivity of this set in the following sense. Given two elements \(\mathbf{X},\mathbf{Y}\in \mathbb{Z}\mathbb{D}_n^m(p_1,\ldots,p_r)\) with \(\eth(\mathbf{X},\mathbf{Y})\le\delta\), it is possible to connect them with a smooth path that stays in the neighborhood of \(\mathbf{X}\), actually in the ball \(B_\eth(\mathbf{X},\varepsilon)\) for given \(\varepsilon\ge\delta\). The path is uniform because it does not depend of \(n\). In a second part, he also proves uniform connectivity of nearly algebraic normal contractions, in which case it is assumed that \(\|p_j(\mathbf{X})\|\le\varepsilon\) for \(j=1,\ldots,r\) instead of being zero. This is solved by proving that there are algebraic normal contractions \(\tilde{\mathbf{X}}\) and \(\tilde{\mathbf{Y}}\) close to the given nearly algebraic normal contractions \(\mathbf{X}\) and \(\mathbf{Y}\) that satisfy the previous theorem. The motivation for these problems comes, for example, from the theory of structure preserving perturbation theory from linear algebra and how preconditioning influences the result