Residue field domination in real closed valued fields (Q2330500)

The present article explores analogues, in the context of real closed valued fields (\(\mathrm{RCVF}\)), of stable domination results proven by \textit{D. Haskell} et al. [Stable domination and independence in algebraically closed valued fields. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2011; Zbl 1217.03026)]. In a nutshell, the authors show how in \(\mathrm{RCVF}\) the residue field plays a similar domination role as in algebraically closed valued fields (\(\mathrm{ACVF}\)), despite behaving very differently from a model-theoretic perspective. Indeed, in \(\mathrm{ACVF}\) the residue field is stable and encodes essentially the stable part of the structure, while in \(\mathrm{RCVF}\), the residue field is a real closed field having thus no stable-like behaviour at all. Let us briefly recall what domination means. Following their Definition 1.7, given collections of rosy sorts \(\mathcal{S}\) and \(\mathcal{T}\) (i.e., admitting a certain notion of independence) and subsets of parameters \(C\subseteq A\), one says that the type \(\mathrm{tp}(A/C)\) is \textit{dominated by \(\mathcal{S}\)} if for any \(B\supseteq C\) such that \(\mathcal{S}(B)\) is independent of \(\mathcal{S}(A)\) over \(\mathcal{S}(C)\), the type \(\mathrm{tp}(A/CB)\) is implied by \(\mathrm{tp}(A/C\mathcal{S}(B))\). Similarly, one says that \(\mathrm{tp}(A/C)\) is \textit{dominated by \(\mathcal{S}\) over \(\mathcal{T}\)} if \(\mathrm{tp}(A/C\mathcal{T}(A))\) is dominated by \(\mathcal{S}\). Having this definition at hand, two of their main results can be summarized as follows: Let \(C\subseteq M\) be substructures of a sufficiently large real closed valued field \(\mathcal{R}\) with \(C\) maximal (as a valued field). Then, \begin{itemize} \item[1.] if the residue field extension \(k_C\subseteq k_M\) is regular and the quotient of value groups \(\Gamma_M/\Gamma_C\) is torsion-free, then \(\mathrm{tp}(M/C)\) is dominated by the value group and the residue field (Corollary 2.6); \item[2.] the type \(\mathrm{tp}(M/C)\) is dominated over the value group by the sorts which are internal to the residue field (Corollary 2.10). \end{itemize} They show moreover that the previous results hold as well for \(\mathrm{RCVF}\) extended by the so-called geometric sorts (Theorem 4.6) and provide a variant in terms of forking, namely, they show that, over a maximal base, forking and thorn-forking are determined by the value group and residue field (Theorem 3.4). Although several lemmas and preliminary results hold in the more general context of \(T\)-convex structures as defined in [\textit{A. H. Lewenberg} and \textit{L. van den Dries}, J. Symb. Log. 60, No. 1, 74--102 (1995, Zbl 0856.03028)], their domination results currently hold only for \(\mathrm{RCVF}\). They left as an open question for future work whether domination can be extended to this context.