A fire detection algorithm based on Tchebichef moment invariants and PSO-SVM (Q2331604)

Summary: Automatic fire detection, which can detect and raise the alarm for fire early, is expected to help reduce the loss of life and property as much as possible. Due to its advantages over traditional methods, image processing technology has been applied gradually in fire detection. In this paper, a novel algorithm is proposed to achieve fire image detection, combined with Tchebichef (sometimes referred to as Chebyshev) moment invariants (TMIs) and particle swarm optimization-support vector machine (PSO-SVM). According to the correlation between geometric moments and Tchebichef moments, the translation, rotation, and scaling (TRS) invariants of Tchebichef moments are obtained first. Then, the TMIs of candidate images are calculated to construct feature vectors. To gain the best detection performance, a PSO-SVM model is proposed, where the kernel parameter and penalty factor of support vector machine (SVM) are optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO). Then, the PSO-SVM model is utilized to identify the fire images. Compared with algorithms based on Hu moment invariants (HMIs) and Zernike moment invariants (ZMIs), the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the detection accuracy, achieving the highest detection rate of 98.18\%. Moreover, it still exhibits the best performance even if the size of the training sample set is small and the images are transformed by TRS.