Algebraic separatrices for non-dicritical foliations on projective spaces of dimension at least four (Q2331746)

The author studies the problem of finding invariant algebraic hypersurfaces for codimension-one foliations on \(\mathbb{P}^n\). The problem of existence of invariant algebraic hypersurfaces is really important: for example, a classical result of \textit{J. P. Jouanolou} [Equations de Pfaff algébriques. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag (1979; Zbl 0477.58002), Theorem 3.3] states that a codimension-one foliation admitting infinitely many invariant algebraic hypersurfaces is birationally equivalent to the foliation induced by a fibration. In addition, for projective spaces, the problem is motivated by a conjecture of Brunella predicting that a codimension-one foliation on \(\mathbb{P}^n\) either admits an invariant algebraic hypersurface or it is tangent of a foliation by codimension-two algebraic subvarieties. The main result of the paper confirms Brunella's conjecture in the case of non-dicritical foliations: namely, the author shows that non-dicritical foliations of codimension-one on \(\mathbb{P}^n\) always possess invariant algebraic hypersurfaces, for \(n \geq 4\). A foliation is non-dicritical if, when blowing up invariant subvarieties for the foliation, the exceptional divisors remain invariant for the transformed foliation. This condition is used to guarantee the local existence of invariant hypersurfaces around the singularities of a foliation. The author also proves some results on sufficient conditions for a non-dicritical foliation of codimension-one on \(\mathbb{P}^n\) to be defined by a logarithmic 1-form. The proof of the main result is based on a very interesting extension (see Theorem C in the paper) of a famous result of \textit{H. Rossi} [Am. J. Math. 91, 565--575 (1969; Zbl 0184.31401)]. The new result shows that given an Euclidean neighborhood \(U\) of an algebraic subvariety \(X \subset \mathbb{P}^n\), an irreducible analytic subvariety \(V \subset U\) can be extended to an algebraic subvariety \(\overline{V} \subset \mathbb{P}^n\) of the same dimension of \(V\), provided that \(V \cap X \neq \emptyset\) and \(\dim V + \dim X > n\).