Hyers-Ulam stability for linear differences with time dependent and periodic coefficients (Q2337931)

Summary: Let \(q \geq 2\) be a positive integer and let \((a_j)\), \((b_j)\), and \((c_j)\) (with \(j\) a non-negative integer) be three given \(\mathbb{C}\)-valued and \(q\)-periodic sequences. Let \(A(q) : = A_{q - 1} \cdots A_0\), where \(A_j\) is as is given below. Assuming that the ``monodromy matrix'' \(A(q)\) has at least one multiple eigenvalue, we prove that the linear scalar recurrence \(x_{n + 3} = a_n x_{n + 2} + b_n x_{n + 1} + c_n x_n\), \(n \in \mathbb{Z}_+\) is Hyers-Ulam stable if and only if the spectrum of \(A(q)\) does not intersect the unit circle \(\Gamma : = \{w \in \mathbb{C} : | w | = 1 \}\). Connecting this result with a recently obtained one it follows that the above linear recurrence is Hyers-Ulam stable if and only if the spectrum of \(A(q)\) does not intersect the unit circle.