On the multiplicative group generated by \(\left\{\frac{[\sqrt{2}n]}{n} \mid n\in\mathbb{N}\right\}\) (Q2341933)

Fix real numbers \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\), both \(\geq 1\), put \(\xi_n=[\alpha n]/[\beta n]\), for \(n \in \mathbb N\), and let \(\mathcal F_{\alpha,\beta}\) be the multiplicative group generated by \({xi_n}\). For example, \(\mathcal F_{2,1}\) is the multiplicative group generated by \(2\): \({ 2^k \mid k\in\mathbb Z,}\). The authors conjecture that if \(\alpha\neq\beta\) and at least one of them is irrational, then \(\mathcal F_{\alpha,\beta}\) is the multiplicative group of positive rational numbers. Indeed, the paper under review confirms this conjecture in the special case \(\mathcal F_{\sqrt{2},1}\). The second result of the paper shows that a completely additive arithmetic function \(f\) satisfying the condition \[ \lim_{n\to\infty} f([\sqrt{2}n])-f(n)=C, \] is uniquely determined by it and we have \(f(n)=A\log n\), with \(A=2C/\log 2\).