On the finiteness of the Brauer group of an arithmetic scheme (Q2341965)

The article is concerned with the finiteness of the Brauer groups of certain arithmetic schemes. Let \(k \hookrightarrow \mathbb{C}\), \([k:\mathbb{Q}] < \infty\) be a number field with ring of integers \(A\). Let \(V\) be a smooth projective variety over \(k\). An arithmetic model of \(V\) is a proper flat morphism of regular schemes \(\pi: X \to \mathrm{Spec}\,A\), with generic scheme fiber of \(\pi\) isomorphic to \(V\). The cohomological Brauer group \(\mathrm{Br}'(X)\) is \(\mathrm{H}^2(X,\mathbb{G}_m)_{\mathrm{tors}}\). The main theorems are: Theorem 1.1. Let \(V\) be a smooth projective \(K3\) surface over \(k\) with arithmetic model \(X\). Then \(\mathrm{Br}'(X)\) is finite. Theorem 2.1. Let \(V\) be a smooth projective Enriques surface over a number field \(k\) with arithmetic model \(X\) and \(V(k) \neq \emptyset\) and \(\mathrm{NS}(V) = \mathrm{NS}(V \otimes \bar{k})\). Then the prime-to-\(2\) part of \(\mathrm{Br}'(X)\) is trivial. Theorem 2.2. Let \(V\) be a smooth projective simply connected variety over a number field \(k\) with arithmetic model \(X\) and \(V(k) \neq \emptyset\) and \(\mathrm{NS}(V) = \mathrm{NS}(V \otimes \bar{k})\). If \(\mathrm{H}^2(V,\mathcal{O}_V) = 0\), then the \(\ell\)-primary component \(\mathrm{Br}'(X)(\ell)\) is trivial for every prime number \(\ell \neq 2\) that does not divide the order of the topological Brauer group \(\mathrm{H}^3(V \times_k \mathbb{C},\mathbb{Z})_{\mathrm{tors}}\). If in addition, \(\mathrm{H}^3(V \times_k \mathbb{C},\mathbb{Z})_{\mathrm{tors}} = 0\), then either \(\mathrm{Br}'(X) = \mathrm{Br}(\mathrm{Spec}\,A) = (\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})^{\max(0,r-1)}\) (where \(r\) is the number of real places of \(k\)) or else \(\mathrm{Br}'(X)\) contains \(\mathrm{Br}(\mathrm{Spec}\,A)\) as a subgroup of index \(2\). Corollary 2.4. Let \(V\) be a smooth projective simply connected Calabi-Yau variety over a number field \(k\) with arithmetic model \(X\) and \(V(k) \neq \emptyset\). Then \(\mathrm{Br}'(X)(\ell)\) is trivial for almost all prime numbers \(\ell\).