Footnotes to a paper of Domokos. I. (Q2345554)

Let \(A\) be a finite dimensional semisimple \(F\)-subalgebra of \(M_n(F)\), the algebra of \(n\times n\) matrices over a field \(F\) of characteristic zero. Let \(G\) denote the group of units in the centralizer of \(A\) in \(M_n(F)\). Consider the action of \(G\) on the space \(M_n(F)^k\) of \(k\)-tuples of matrices. Similarly to the well studied notions of polynomial identities and trace identities, the author introduces the notions of \(A\)-identities, pure and mixed \(A\)-trace polynomials, and \(A\)-trace identities. Among other things he shows that the \(G\)-invariant polynomial functions on \(M_n(F)^k\) are all given by \(A\)-trace polynomials, and the \(G\)-equivariant polynomial maps \(M_n(F)^k\to M_n(F)\) are all given by mixed \(A\)-trace polynomials. He provides formulae for the Poincaré series of the corresponding algebras of polynomial invariants and covariants. Moreover, he proves that all pure and mixed \(A\)-trace identities of \(M_n(F)\) are consequences of finitely many (explicitly presented) identities coming from the Cayley-Hamilton identity. Finally, he gives an embedding theorem into \(n\times n\) matrices over a commutative ring for \(A\)-algebras satisfying all \(A\)-trace identities of \(M_n(F)\), where \(A=\mathrm{End}_G(F^n)\) for a linearly reductive subgroup \(G\) of \(GL(F^n)\). The key ingredient of the proofs is \textit{A. Regev}'s double centralizing theorem [J. Algebra 102, 423-443 (1986; Zbl 0601.20012)] concerning the wreath product \(A\sim S_k\) acting on the \(k\)th tensor power of \(F^n\). Most results in the present paper generalize the works of \textit{C. Procesi} [Adv. Math. 19, 306-381 (1976; Zbl 0331.15021)] and the reviewer [Commun. Algebra 26, No. 9, 2807-2819 (1998; Zbl 0916.16009)], dealing with the special cases \(A=F\) and \(A=F\times\cdots\times F\), respectively.