The pluriclosed flow on nilmanifolds and tamed symplectic forms (Q2347931)

Let \((M,g,J)\) be a Hermitian (non-Kähler) manifold. We recall that a Hermitian structure \((J, g)\) is called SKT (strong Kähler with torsion) or \textit{pluriclosed} if its fundamental form \(\omega(\cdot,\cdot)=g(\cdot,J\cdot)\) is \(\partial\overline{\partial}\)-closed. The Bismut connection \(\nabla^B\) on \((M,g,J)\) is defined as the unique Hermitian connection with skew-symmetric torsion \(c(X,Y,Z):=g(X,T^B(Y,Z))\). In the first part of the paper the authors study the so-called \textit{pluriclosed flow} \[ \begin{cases} \frac{d}{dt}\omega=-(\rho^{B})^{1,1}\\ \omega(0)=\omega_0 \end{cases} \] acting on the space of \(J\)-compatible non-degenerate real \(2\)-forms, where \((\rho^B)^{1,1}\) denotes the \((1,1)\)-part of the Ricci form \(\rho^B\) of the Bismut connection (i.e., the \((1,1)\)-part of the so-called Bismut-Ricci form). The following result is proved. Let \((M=G/ \Gamma,J,\omega_0)\) be a \textit{nilmanifold} endowed with an invariant SKT structure. Then the solution \(\omega(t)\) to the pluriclosed flow is defined for every \(t\in (-\epsilon,\infty)\), where \(\epsilon\) is a suitable positive real number. In the second part of the paper the authors study the natural Hermitian-symplectic flow for evolving taming symplectic forms \(\Omega\) on a complex manifold \((M, J)\): \[ \begin{cases} \frac{d}{d t}\Omega=-\rho^B ( \omega)\\ \Omega(0)=\Omega_0 \end{cases} \] where \(\rho^B (\omega)\) is the Bismut-Ricci form of the Hermitian metric associated to \(\omega = \Omega^{1,1}\). (We recall that a symplectic form \(\Omega\) on a complex manifold \((M,J)\) \textit{tames} \(J\) if \(\Omega(JX,X)>0\) for every non-zero tangent vector field \(X\) on \(M\). Such a condition is weaker than the compatibility of \(\Omega\) with \(J\).) For such a flow the authors prove a short-time existence result and a stability theorem involving Kähler-Einstein metrics.