Transversality of complex linear distributions with spheres, contact forms and Morse type foliations. II. (Q2348283)

The starting point for this work is the following question on \(\mathbb C^n\). Is there any codimension-one singular holomorphic foliation \(\mathcal F\) in a neighborhood of the closed unit disk \(\overline{D^{2n}(1)}\subset\mathbb C^n\), such that \(\mathcal F\) is transverse to the boundary sphere \(S^{2n-1}(1)\) for \(n\geq 3\)? Furthermore, the authors study the transversality of (Frobenious integrable or not) holomorphic perturbations of codimension-one linear distributions to spheres \(S^{2n-1}(r)\subset\mathbb C^n\). The main result is as follows. Let \(A=(a_{ij})\in\mathrm{GL}(n,\mathbb C)\) be a generic matrix. If \(\omega\) is any holomorphic one-form having \(\omega_A=\Sigma_i (\Sigma_ja_{ij}z_j)dz_i\) as linear part at the origin, then the distribution \(\{\omega=0\}\) is not transverse to the spheres \(S^{2n-1}(r)\) for small radii \(r>0\). Here, ``generic'' means that \(\overline{A}A\) has a simple positive eigenvalue \(\lambda > 0\), and any other eigenvalue has absolute value different from \(\lambda\). Recall that a linear Morse foliation is such that the restriction of the distance function from the origin in \(\mathbb{C}^n\) to the leaves of the foliation have non-degenerate critical points. A second result is as follows: A distribution which is a perturbation of a linear Morse foliation is not transverse to small spheres and its variety of contacts has at least \(n\) branches in a neighborhood of the origin. It is a natural continuation of [the first author et al., J. Geom. Phys. 60, No. 10, 1370--1380 (2010; Zbl 1206.53029)].