Popoviciu type equations on cylinders (Q2348385)

Let \((G,+)\) be a commutative semigroup and \((H,+)\) be a commutative group. Assume that \(A\) and \(B\) are nonempty subsets of \(G\) and function \(f: G \to H\) satisfies the equation \[ f(x + y +z) + f(x) + f(y) + f(z) = f(x + y) + f(y + z) + f(z + x)\tag{1} \] for \((x, y, z) \in G \times A \times B\). Then \(f\) satisfies (1) for \((x, y, z) \in G \times G(A) \times G(B)\), where \(G(A)\) and \(G(B)\) are semigroups generated by \(A\) and \(B\), respectively. Let \(m, n, M\) and \(N\) be positive integers. Assume that \((G, +)\) is uniquely divisible by \(m\) and \(n\) and \(0 \in A \cap B\). Then function \(F: G \to H\) satisfies equation \[ MF\left(\frac{x + y +z}{m}\right) + F(x) + F(y) + F(z) = N\left[F\left(\frac{x + y}{n}\right) + F\left(\frac{y + z}{n}\right) + F\left(\frac{z + x}{n}\right)\right]\tag{2} \] for \((x, y, z) \in G \times A \times B\), if and only if there exist a function \(f: G \to H\) satisfying (1) for \((x, y, z) \in G \times A \times B\), a function \(a: G \to H\) and a \(b \in H\) such that \[ (M - 3N + 3)b = 0, \] \[ Mf\left(\frac{x}{m}\right) - f(x) = 2a(x), \] \[ Nf\left(\frac{x}{n}\right) - f(x) = a(x), \] for \(x \in G\) and \[ a(x + y) = a(x) + a(y) \] for \((x, y) \in G \times (A \cup B)\) and \(F(x) = f(x) + b\) for \(x \in G\). Using these two results the author proves the following theorem: Let \(m, n, M\) and \(N\) be positive integers. Assume that \((G, +)\) is a commutative semigroup with zero, uniquely divisible by \(m\) and \(n\) and \((H, +)\) is a commutative group. Let \(A\) and \(B\) be subsets of \(G\) containing zero. If \(F: G \to H\) satisfies (2) for \((x, y, z) \in G \times A \times B\), then \(F\) satisfies (2) for \((x, y, z) \in G \times G(A) \times G(B)\).