First- and second-order necessary conditions via exact penalty functions (Q2349834)

Based on exact penalty functions, the authors derive first- and second-order necessary conditions for nonlinear programming problems involving equality and inequality constraints. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a penalty term to be of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type are established. Second-order necessary conditions are derived under a suitable second-order constraint qualification. In case the data are three times continuously differentiable, the specific forms of this second-order constraint qualification for the case of lower order penalty functions are obtained.