Can one hear whistler waves? (Q2351060)

The author of this interesting paper discusses a mathematical model of whistler-mode chorus emissions in space plasmas. The emissions of whistler waves involve a mechanism of wave-particle interaction that can be described by the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell equations. If some dimensionless variables are used (the speed of light = 1), then the equations involve a penalized skew-symmetric term, in which the inhomogeneity of the strong exterior magnetic field \(\tilde{B}_e(x)\) is very important. So these equations have the form: \[ \begin{multlined} \partial_{\tau }f+\varepsilon^{-1}v\cdot \nabla_{x}f+ \varepsilon^{-2}[v\times \tilde{B}_e(x)]\cdot \nabla_{p}f+(E+v\times B)\cdot\nabla_{p}f\\ = - \varepsilon^{-1}\kappa\nabla_{p} {\mathcal{M}}_{\theta }(p)\cdot E, \quad f|_{\tau =0}\equiv f, \end{multlined} \] \[ \partial_{\tau }E - \varepsilon^{-1}\mathrm{curl} B = - \varepsilon^{-1}\kappa j, \quad \operatorname{div} E = \kappa\rho , \quad E|_{\tau =0}\equiv 0, \] \[ \partial_{\tau }B + \varepsilon^{-1}\mathrm{curl} E = 0, \quad \operatorname{div} B = 0, \quad B|_{\tau =0}\equiv 0. \] Here, the time \(\tau\in\mathbb{R}_{+}\), the position \(x\in\mathbb{R}^3\), the velocity of particles \(v\in\mathbb{R}^3\), \({\mathcal{M}}_{\theta } (\cdot )\) is the Maxwell-Jüttner distribution, the number \(\kappa \) measures the strength of the coupling between the Vlasov and Maxwell parts, the small parameter \(\varepsilon = 10^{-5}\) is the inverse of the electron gyrofrequency, \(p\) is the relativistic impulsion, \(j\) is the electric current density, \(\rho \) is the electric charge density. It is discussed a new approach to extend in longer times the classical insights on fast rotating fluids. The author considers long time gyro-kinetic equations. The long time dynamical confinement of plasmas is a question of interest. Further, the author studies the oscillatory integrals implying special phases. It deals with the problem of the creation of light inside plasmas. The Vlasov part of the above stated equations is the first equation there. It controls the dynamics of particles. Assuming that \(\kappa = 0\) and that the function \((E, B)(\varepsilon , \tau , x)\) is known, it can be solved by the characteristic flow. The Hamiltonian system is analyzed here by the tools of KAM theory (or gyrokinetic theory). Also, the weak coupling, and only concerning a specific kind of light is investigated. Some whistler dispersion relation is considered, and it is recognized the essential features of whistler-mode chorus emissions.