Hardy inequalities in globally twisted waveguides (Q2354285)

Let \(\Omega\) be the twisted tube \[ \Omega := \left\{ \left. \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & \cos\theta(x_1) & \sin\theta(x_1) \\ 0 & -\sin\theta(x_1) & \cos\theta(x_1) \end{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} x_1 \\ x_2 \\ x_3 \end{pmatrix} \;\right| \;(x_1,x_2,x_3) \in {\mathbb R} \times \omega \right\} . \] Here, the cross-section \(\omega\) is an arbitrary bounded open connected set in \({\mathbb R}^2\) and \(\theta :{\mathbb R}\to{\mathbb R}\) is the twisting angle. It is assumed that \(\dot{\theta}(x_1)=\beta +\varepsilon(x_1)\), where \(\beta\) is a real constant and \(\varepsilon :{\mathbb R}\to{\mathbb R}\) is a (not necessarily small) bounded function (typically vanishing at infinity). If \(\varepsilon=0\), then \(\Omega\) is periodically twisted. From authors' summary: ``We establish various Hardy-type inequalities for the Dirichlet Laplacian in perturbed periodically twisted tubes of non-circular cross-sections. We also state conjectures about the existence of such inequalities in more general regimes, which we support by heuristic and numerical arguments.''