On general domain truncated correlation and convolution operators with finite rank (Q2354565)

Let \(\Upsilon\) and \(\Xi\) be open non-empty sets in \({\mathbb R}^d\) with \(d\geq 1\) and let \(\Omega=\Xi+\Upsilon\). Suppose that \(\phi\in L_{\mathrm{loc}}^2(\Omega)\) is such that \(\phi(x+\cdot)\in L^2(\Upsilon)\) for all \(x\in\Xi\) and such that \(\phi(\cdot+y)\in L^2(\Xi)\) for all \(y\in\Upsilon\). The operator \(\Gamma_\phi\) on \(L^2(\Upsilon)\) is defined by \[ \Gamma_\phi(f)(x)=\int_\Upsilon \phi(x+y)f(y)\,dy\,\text{ for}\,\, x\in\Xi. \] Given \(x\in{\mathbb R}^d\) and \(\zeta\in{\mathbb C}^d\), let \(x\cdot\zeta\) denote the inner product of \(x\) and \(\zeta\) in \({\mathbb R}^d\). Let ExpPol be the set of functions of the form \[ \phi=\sum_{j=1}^N p_j(x)e^{x\cdot\zeta_j}, \] where \(p_j\) is a polynomial in \(x\in{\mathbb R}^d\), \(\zeta_j\in{\mathbb C}^d\), and \(N\in{\mathbb N}\). Moreover, if all numbers \(\zeta_j\) in the above representation of \(\phi\) are such that \(\Re(\zeta_j)\) are restricted to lie in some subset \(\Theta\subset{\mathbb R}^d\), then we will write \(\phi\in\operatorname{ExpPol}_\Theta\). Finally, given a domain \(\Omega\), let \(\Theta_\Omega\) denote the set of all directions \(\theta\in{\mathbb R}^d\) such that the orthogonal projection of \(\Omega\) onto the half-line \([0,\infty)\cdot\theta\) is a bounded set, and let \(\operatorname{int}(\Theta_\Omega)\) denote its interior. The main result of the paper says that if \(\Upsilon,\Xi\subset {\mathbb R}^d\) are connected domains that are either convex or bounded, then the operator \(\Gamma_\phi\) is bounded and has finite rank if and only if \(\phi\in\operatorname{ExpPol}_{\operatorname{int}(\Theta_\Omega)}\). Further, methods to determine the rank of \(\Gamma_\phi\) in some concrete cases are developed.