On discrete fractional integral operators and related Diophantine equations (Q2355772)

The aim of the present paper is to study \(l^p\to l^p\) estimates for discrete versions of fractional integral operators, where the integration is taken over a submanifold. To this direction, it is considered the operator \(J^\gamma_\lambda\) acting on compactly supported functions \(f:\mathbb{Z}^d\to C\) defined by \[ J^\gamma_\lambda(f)(n)= \sum^\infty_{n=1} {f(n-\gamma(m))\over m^\lambda}, \] where: \(\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{Z}^d\) is an injection. Following the combinatorial approach (see \textit{D. M. Oberlin} [Math. Res. Lett. 8, No. 1--2, 1--6 (2001; Zbl 0994.42010)]), for general \(\gamma\), the author manages to obtain \(l^p\to l^p\) estimates from upper bounds of the number of solutions of Diophantine systems with odd-number of unknowns, which turn out to extend the allowable \(\lambda\)-range by relating the discrete fractional integral along the curve \(\gamma(m)= (m, m^2,\dots,m^k)\) to Vinogradov's mean value theorem. Furthermore, sharp \(l^p\to l^p\) estimates of the discrete fractional integral along the hyperbolic paraboloid in \(\mathbb{Z}^3\) are also obtained except the endpoints.