Symplectic \(S_{5}\) action on symplectic homotopy K3 surfaces (Q2358332)

A complex or algebraic smooth minimal complete surface that is regular and has trivial canonical bundle is called a K3 surface. A homotopy K3 surface \(X\) is a closed oriented 4-manifold homeomorphic to the standard K3 surface, and \(X\) is called a symplectic homotopy K3 surface if, in addition, it supports a compatible symplectic structure. Many examples of such manifolds can be obtained by using the knot surgery construction of Fintushel and Stern, and by using the Seiberg-Witten invariants the resulting smooth structures can be distinguished. The Seiberg-Witten basic classes span an isotropic sublattice \(L_X\) of \(H^2(X;{\mathbb Z})\) whose rank \(r_X\) satisfies \(0 \leq r_X \leq 3\), and \(r_X\) gives a rough measure of the exoticness of \(X\). A finite group \(G\) is called a symplectic K3 group if \(G\) can be realized as a subgroup of the symplectic automorphism group of a K3 surface. In [Invent. Math. 94, No. 1, 183--221 (1988; Zbl 0705.14045)], \textit{S.~Mukai} classified finite abelian groups of symplectic automorphisms and determined all the symplectic K3 groups. The following 11 groups are the maximal symplectic K3 groups: \(L_2(7)\), \(A_6\), \(S_5\), \(M_{20}\), \(F_{384}\), \(A_{4,4}\), \(T_{192}\), \(H_{192}\), \(N_{72}\), \(M_9\), and \(T_{48}\). In [J. Topol. 4, No. 2, 406--430 (2011; Zbl 1245.57035)], \textit{W.~Chen} and \textit{S.~Kwasik} studied the relation between the smooth structure of the symplectic homotopy K3 surface and its symplectic symmetries. They showed that if \(G\) is one of the following maximal symplectic K3 groups \(L_2(7)\), \(A_6\), \(M_{20}\), \(A_{4,4}\), \(T_{192}\), \(T_{48}\), \(X\) is a symplectic homotopy K3 surface, and \(X\) admits an effective \(G\)-action via symplectic symmetries, then \(X\) must be minimally exotic, i.e., \(r_X=0\). In this paper, the author studies the maximal symplectic K3 group \(S_5\) action on a symplectic homotopy K3 surface. A classification of symplectic \(S_5\) actions on symplectic homotopy K3 is given, and the exoticness of smooth structures of symplectic homotopy K3 surfaces under this symplectic \(S_5\) action is considered. The author proves that if \(X\) is a symplectic homotopy K3 surface, \(G=S_5\) acts on \(X\) symplectically, and \(b_2^+(X/G)=3\), then \(X\) must be minimally exotic.