On reproducing kernel and density problems (Q2358762)

The paper is devoted to the analysis of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces with particular emphasis on embedding and density properties in the spaces \(C(X)\) and \(L^{p}(X,\mu)\), where \(X\) is a locally compact Hausdorff space. The article begins with a gentle introduction to reproducing Hilbert spaces, \(\mathcal{H}_{K}\) being the (unique) completion of the space of all functions of the form \(K^{x}(y):=K(y,x)\) with the inner product \((K^{x},K^{y})_{K}:=K(y,x)\), \(x,y\in X\), where \(K:X\times X\rightarrow\mathbb{C}\) is a positive definite kernel. The main problem under study is to formulate conditions guaranteeing the density of \(\mathcal{H}_{K}\) in \(C(X)\). In this direction, the author proves the following theorem (Theorem 2.7). Let \(X\) be a locally compact Hausdorff space, \(K\) a bounded and continuous positive definite kernel with \(K^{x}\in C_{0}(X)\), for all \(x\in X\). Then the following are equivalent: (i) \(\mathcal{H}_{K}\) is dense in \(C_{0}(X)\); (ii) if \(\mu\) is a finite Radon measure on \(X\), then \(K\) is (strictly) \(L^{2}\)-positive definite; (iii) for any finite real non-null Radon measure \(\mu\), it holds that \[ g(x)=\int_{X}K(x,y) \, d\mu(y)\neq 0,\text{ a.e.} \] In the third section, the author concentrates on the case of \(X\) being a locally compact abelian group which allows the use of the Fourier transform and a more refined version of Theorem 2.7 (Theorem 3.7) is proved in this case. The paper is concluded with remarks which are, in fact, applications of the main results.