Novel principles and the charge-symmetric design of Dirac's quantum mechanics. I: Enhanced Eriksen's theorem and the universal charge-index formalism for Dirac's equation in (strong) external static fields (Q2361322)

The article under reviewing represents an original and successful attempt to present the relativistic quantum theory of Dirac equation anew, from its basics to such philosophical points as Dirac sea, particles and antiparticles, particles generation, radiation catastrophe. The author is observing some superficially treated aspects of the one-particle theory of the Dirac equation in some textbooks and taking into the arsenal of the paper a relatively old paper concerning Dirac's Hamiltonian diagonalization [\textit{E. Eriksen}, Phys. Rev., II. Ser. 111, 1011--1016 (1958; Zbl 0082.41705)] removes the widely known opinion on the impossibility of description of the Dirac single electron by a wave-function. In the vision of the author the Dirac equation is a well behaved single particle theory which allows not only to offer a wave function description, but also to gives an arbitrarily exact localization of electrons. The author gives a distinct and non ambiguous definition of particle and its antiparticle, but introducing also the nonphysical concept of pseudo-antiparticles. This is possible due to very fine analysis of symmetries of the Dirac equation.The article has a direct impact to such problems of relativistic quantum mechanics as the Klein paradox, positive definiteness of the scalar product, conservation of the probability flux and charge flux, which is rather different in the theory of the Dirac equation and the theory of the Klein-Gordon equation. It is important, that according to the author the Dirac equation single particle theory is logically consequent and non ambiguous. A number of important properties of the Dirac equation was derived anew by taking into account the Charge -index conservation law. The reading of this article is allowing to remove some conceptual difficulties in the interpretation of the single particle quantum mechanics in strong external electromagnetic fields, which arise when the electromagnetic fields could reach critical values close to the pairs generation regime, or in circumstances , when the charge of the nuclei could be close to 137. By the way, the author is promising to give a special analysis of this case, which was and remains of wide interest at any epoch in Quantum Electrodynamics. A short preliminary discussion of electron-positron annihilation has been given also.