Fundamentals of advanced mathematics 2. Field extensions, topology and topological vector spaces, functional spaces, and sheaves (Q2362253)

This book continues the first volume [Zbl 1369.00001] and presents several aspects of advanced mathematics. The first volume gave conditions for solving systems of equations, including polynomial equations and linear differential equations. The book under review treats several aspects in five chapters that we briefly describe here. Each chapter starts with a short historical introduction. Galois theory is presented in Chapter 1. It includes the proof that the general quintic equation cannot be solved by radicals. An introduction to differential Galois theory and to Picard Vessiot theory are included. The exposition of this chapter is hard to follow and it requires familiarity with volume 1. Chapter 2 is dedicated to general topology. Both (ultra)nets and (ultra)filters, as well as the relations between them, are presented. Many concepts are discussed. Uniform spaces and topological groups are studied. The language of categories is utilized in the exposition. Chapter 3 discusses locally convex spaces and duality theory; in particular Hilbert, Banach, Fréchet spaces and operators between them. Different versions of the Hahn-Banach theorem are proved. The first part of Chapter 4 presents measure and integration theory. The author discusses both theories of abstract measures and Radon measure à la Bourbaki and selects the most appropriate at each point. Spaces of $p$-intevgrable functions are included. This chapter then studies different function spaces: analytic functions, spaces of differentiable functions, and then distributions, analytic functionals and Sato hyperfunctions. The last Chapter 5 gives an introduction to sheaves, coherent sheaves, cohomology of sheaves, and applications to meromorphic functions, hyperfunctions and systems of linear differential equations. This book includes a huge collection of results, but it is hard to believe that it might be useful for a reader to learn the topics discussed in the book. It tries to present too many topics and results. There are too many definitions, too few examples, too many exercises scattered in the text, too many results without proof and too many concepts and theorems. The author seems to be aware of that: for example, he writes in page 197 at the beginning of Chapter 4: ``The following presentations of measure and integration theory (which only includes a few proofs and therefore cannot substitute for a treatise on the topic) attempts\dots''. Anyway, the book collects much information about different relevant aspects of modern mathematics, and it might be useful in this respect.