Weak quadratic overgroups for type I solvable Lie groups of the form \(\mathbb{R}\ltimes\mathbb{R}^n\) (Q2364556)

The orbit method for a given connected and simply connected Lie group \(G\) with Lie algebra \(\mathfrak g\) in geometric quantization is to build unitary irreducible representations \(\pi\), \(\pi\in\widehat{G}\), starting from a coadjoint orbit, \(\mathcal O\in\mathfrak g^\star/G\), where \(\mathfrak g^\star\) is the dual of \(\mathfrak g \). Trying to go in the opposite direction, we can look to the moment map for a representation \(\pi\) which is defined as: \[ \varPsi_{\pi}:\;\mathcal{H}_\pi^\infty\setminus\{0\}\longrightarrow \mathfrak g^\star, \;\varPsi_{\pi}(\xi)(X)=\frac{1}{i}\frac{\langle d\pi(X)\xi,\xi\rangle}{\langle\xi,\xi\rangle},\;X\in\mathfrak g, \] where \(d\pi\) denotes the derived representation of \(\mathfrak g\) in the space \(\mathcal H_\pi^\infty\) of smooth vectors. For concreteness, the moment set \(I_\pi\) for \(\pi\) is the closure of the image of \(\varPsi_\pi\) in \(\mathfrak g^\star\). It is well-known that \( I_\pi\) does not characterize the representation \(\pi\). If \(G\) is solvable, for each unitary irreducible representation \(\pi\), the moment set \(I_\pi\) is still the closed convex hull of a coadjoint orbit. Especially, if \(G\) is exponential, it is the closed convex hull of the coadjoint orbit associated to \(\pi\). Let us say that \(\widehat G\) is \textit{moment separable} if the map \(\pi\mapsto I_\pi\) is one-to-one, therefore we say that \(\mathfrak g^\star/G\) is \textit{separable by convex hull} if, for all pairs of coadjoint orbits \(\mathcal O\), \(\mathcal O'\) in \(\mathfrak g^\star\), \[ \mathrm{Conv}(\mathcal O)=\mathrm{Conv}(\mathcal O')~\Longrightarrow~\mathcal O=\mathcal O'. \] One says that a solvable Lie group G admits a weak quadratic overgroup if there exist a Lie group \(G^+\), containing \(G\) as a subgroup and a quadratic map \(\varphi : \mathfrak g^\star \longmapsto (\mathfrak g^+)^\star\), satisfying the following conditions: (i) For any \( l \in \mathfrak g \), \(\varphi(G.l)= G^+.\varphi(l)\). (ii) For any \( l, l' \in \mathfrak g\), Conv\((G^+.\varphi(l))\) = Conv\((G^+.\varphi(l'))\) if and only if \( G.l = G.l'\). (iii) A map \(\Phi\) from the unitary dual \(\widehat{G}\) into the unitary dual \(\widehat{G^+}\) in such manner that, for any coadjoint orbit \(\mathcal O\) in \(\mathfrak g^\star\), if \(\mathcal O\) is associated to the representation \(\pi\), then \(\varphi(\mathcal O)\) is a coadjoint orbit in \((\mathfrak g^+)^\star\) and this orbit is associated to \(\Phi(\pi)\). Moreover, in this construction, \(\varphi(\mathfrak g^\star)/G^+\) is separable by convex hull and \(\Phi(\widehat G)\) is moment separable, which gives in turn the separation of the orbit set \(\mathfrak g^\star/G\) by the convex hull of the orbits in \(\varphi(\mathfrak g^\star)\), and the separation of the unitary dual \(\widehat G\) of \(G\) by the moment map for \(\Phi(\widehat G)\). We say that \(G^+\) is a quadratic overgroup for \(G\) if \(\varphi\) is a quadratic polynomial. In this work, the authors' purpose is to generalize this result to the simplest type I solvable nonexponential Lie group \(G= \mathbb R \ltimes \mathbb R^n\), defined as the semi-direct product of \(\mathbb R\) and an \(n\)-dimensional abelian ideal \( N\) for some \(n \geq 1\). As the principal result in this direction, the authors show that \(G\) admits a weak quadratic overgroup.