Rosso's form and quantized Kac-Moody algebras (Q2365036)

To each Kac-Moody algebra \({\mathfrak g}\) (associated to a symmetrizable Cartan matrix) over a field of characteristic zero, the well-known Drinfeld-Jimbo construction gives a Hopf algebra \(U_q ({\mathfrak g}) = U\) called a quantized Kac-Moody algebra with indeterminate \(q\). We show that Rosso's bilinear form may be extended to \(U\) for any Kac-Moody algebra. We study the interrelationships among Rosso's bilinear form and Kashiwara's form to prove a positivity result which answers a question in the authors' paper [see 3.5 in J. Algebra 153, 289-318 (1992; Zbl 0779.17012)] and leads to a description of harmonic elements of the quantized enveloping algebra. We also investigate the factors of the quantum Shapovalov determinant using Rosso's form to compute this determinant's highest and lowest degree terms, and apply the factorization to obtain the sum character formula associated to the Jantzen filtration.