On a matrix identity connecting iteration operators associated with a \(p\)-cyclic matrix (Q2365665)

The authors consider a class of block \(p\)-cyclic matrices and the associated Jacobi iteration matrices, as well as the class of associated modified successive overrelaxation matrices, depending on a diagonal matrix of (blockwise equal) overrelaxation parameters. The main goal of the paper is to prove a certain identity between the Jacobi iteration matrix and the modified successive overrelaxation matrices in full generality, which is known to hold in special cases, and which constitutes a matrix analogue of a known identity between the eigenvalues of these matrices. The proof of the identity uses combinatorics and graph theory.