On inequalities for eigenvalues of matrices (Q2365703)

For an \(n\times n\) complex matrix \(A\) let \(\lambda_ 1,\ldots,\lambda_ n\), \(s_ 1\geq\ldots\geq s_ n\) and \(b_ 1\geq\ldots\geq b_ n\) be the eigenvalues of \(A\), the \(s\)-numbers of \(A\) and the moduli of eigenvalues of \(K=(A-A^*)/2i\), respectively. The main result of the paper are the following inequalities: For every \(j=1,\dots,n\): \(\sum^ j_{k=1}(s^ 2_{n-k+1}-|\lambda_ k|^ 2)\leq 2\sum^ j_{k=1}(b^ 2_ k-| Im \lambda_ k|^ 2)\), and \(2\sum^ j_{k=1}(b^ 2_{n- k+1}-| Im \lambda_ k|^ 2)\leq\sum^ j_{k=1}(s^ 2_ k- |\lambda_ k|^ 2)\). When \(j=n\) they reduce to the equality \(| A|^ 2_ 2-\sum^ n_{k=1}|\lambda_ k|^ 2=2(| K|^ 2_ 2-\sum^ n_{k=1}| Im \lambda_ k|^ 2)\), where \(|.|_ 2\) denotes the Hilbert-Schmidt norm.