On Stancu-Mühlbach operators and some connected problems concerning probability distributions (Q2366705)

The aim of this paper is to prove some approximation results concerning the positive linear Stancu-Mühlbach type operators \(P_ n^ \alpha\), \(n\in \mathbb{N}\), \(\alpha\geq 0\) defined by \[ P_ n^ \alpha (f; x)= \sum_{k=0}^ n f \biggl( {k\over n} \biggr) w_{n,k} (x; \alpha), \qquad x\in [0,1] \] where \[ w_{n,k} (x; \alpha) = {n\choose k} {{\prod_{i=0}^{k-1} (x+ i\alpha) \prod_{j=0}^{n- k-1} (1-x+ j\alpha )} \over {\prod_{s=1}^{n-1} (1+ s\alpha)}}. \] In the special case for \(\alpha=0\) one gets the well-known Bernstein operator. Further for real measurable bounded functions on \((0,1)\) the author studies an integral Beta-type operator \(L^ \alpha\) with the density of the beta distribution with parameters \({x\over \alpha}\) and \({{1-x} \over \alpha}\). It was shown that the operators \(P_ n^ \alpha\) and \(L^ \alpha\) preserve Lipschitz constants, i.e. for \(A>0\) and \(0<\mu \leq 1\) \[ f\in \text{Lip}_ A \mu:= \{f:\;| f(x)- f(y)| \leq A| x- y|^ \alpha,\;x,y\in [0,1]\} \] if and only if \(P_ n^ \alpha\in \text{Lip}_ A \mu\) for all \(\alpha>0\) and if and only if \(L^ \alpha\in \text{Lip}_ A \mu\) for all \(\alpha>0\). Further one finds some quantitative results for the approximation of the Bernstein, Szasz and Baskakov operator by Stancu-Mühlbach type operators and estimates in connection with the known Gamma- and Beta methods.