A basic construction for free Lie algebras (Q2367285)

A group-theoretic approach is used to construct a basis of the free Lie algebra. Let \(w\) be a Lyndon word and choose \(\alpha\in S_ n\) such that \(x_{1\alpha} \cdots x_{n\alpha}\) is an increasing word (with \(w=x_ 1\dots x_ n)\). Then the basis element corresponding to \(w\) is \[ \sum_{\sigma\in T} \varepsilon^{\text{ind}(\sigma\alpha)} \bigl[ \dots [x_{1\sigma\alpha}, x_{2\sigma\alpha}], \dots,x_{n\sigma\alpha}\bigr], \] where \(\varepsilon\) is an \(n\)-th root of unity and \(T=\{\sigma\in S_ n\mid 1\sigma=1\}\); ind is the major index, introduced in this subject by Klyachko.