Mercer's theorem for two dimensional Cesàro transformations (Q2367342)

Let \(\alpha\) be a complex number. Then the transformation \((t_ n)\) \[ t_ n=\alpha s_ n+(1-\alpha){s_ 0+s_ 1+\cdots+s_ n\over n+1} (n=0,1,\dots) \] of a complex sequence \((s_ n)\) is called the Mercer transform of \((s_ n)\). It is obvious that this transform is limit preserving (regular) and it is well-known that it is equivalent to convergence if and only if \(\text{Re}(\alpha)>0\). In this paper analogous transformations for double sequences are investigated. If \(s=(s_{mn})\) is a double complex sequence and \(a,b,c,d\) are given complex numbers, then we put in terms of operators \(M=aI+b(C,1,0)+c\) \((C,0,1)+d(C,1,1)\), where \(I\) is the identity transformation, \((C,1,0)=(\vartheta_{mn})\), \(\vartheta_{mn}={1\over m+1}\sum^ m_{k=0}s_{kn}\), \((C,0,1)=(\Phi_{mn})\), \(\Phi_{mn}={1\over n+1}\sum^ n_{l=0}s_{ml}\), \((C,1,1)=(\sigma_{mn})\), \(\sigma_{mn}={1\over (m+1)(n+1)}\sum^ m_{k=0}\sum^ n_{l=0}s_{kl}\). The numbers \(a,b,c,d\) are said to satisfy the condition (A) provided that: (i) \(a+b+c+d=1\); (ii) \(ad=bc\), (iii) \(\text{Re}(a+b)>0\), (iv) \(\text{Re}(a+c)>0\). The author proves: 1) If \(a,b,c,d\) satisfy (A), then \(M\) is equivalent to convergence (in the Prigsheim sense) for bounded double sequences. 2) If \(M\) transforms only double sequences that are convergent into convergent ones (preserving limits), then (A) is satisfied.