On absolute quasi-Nörlund means (Q2367345)

If \(\{p_ n\}\) is a sequence with \(P_ n= p_ 0+ p_ 1+\dots+ p_ n\neq 0\) for any \(n=0,1,2,\dots\)\ . The series \(\sum_{n=0}^ \infty a_ n\) is said to be \((N^*,p)\) summable (quasi-Nörlund summable) to \(s\) if \(b_ n= \sum_{k=n}^ \infty {{p_{k-n}a_ k} \over {P_ k}}\) exists for each \(n=0,1,2,\dots\) and \(\sum_{n=0}^ \infty b_ n=s\). If \(\sum_{n=0}^ \infty | b_ n|<\infty\), it is said to be \(| N^*,p|\) (absolutely quasi-Nörlund) summable. \(\sum_{n=0}^ \infty a_ n\) is said to be (A) (Abel) summable to \(s\) if \(\sum_{n=0}^ \infty a_ n x^ n\) converges for \(0\leq x<1\) and \(f(x)= \sum_{n=0}^ \infty a_ n x^ n\to s\) as \(x\to 1-0\). If \(f\) is of bounded variation in \([0,1]\), \(\sum_{n=0}^ \infty a_ n\) is said to be \(| A|\) (absolutely Abel) summable. \textit{B. Thorpe} [Nörlund and related summability methods, Ph.D. thesis, Birmingham University (1970)] proved that if \(\sum_{n=0}^ \infty a_ n\) is \((N^*,p)\) summable to \(s\) then it is \((A)\) summable to \(s\) provided that \(p_ n>0\), \({{p_{n+1}} \over {p_ n}}\leq {{p_{n+2}} \over {p_{n+1}}}\leq 1\), \(n=0,1,2,\dots\)\ . It is shown in the present paper that under the same conditions on \(\{p_ n\}\), \(| N^*,p|\) summability of \(\sum_{n=0}^ \infty a_ n\) implies its \(| A|\) summability. (The relevant theorem, viz. Theorem 2, is not explicitly stated). Other results proved are (Theorem 1): \(\sum_{n=0}^ \infty a_ n\) summable \((N^*,p)\Rightarrow a_ n=o(P_ n)\); \(\sum_{n=0}^ \infty a_ n\) summable \(| N^*,p|\Rightarrow \{{{a_ n} \over {P_ n}}\}\), \(\{{{s_ n} \over {P_ n}}\}\) are sequences of bounded variation.