Branching of families of invariant tori for systems with zero linear part (Q2367506)

This paper is concerned with the family of differential equations \((*)_ \varepsilon\;\dot\varphi=\omega+\Phi_ 0(\varphi,\rho)+ \varepsilon\Phi_ 1(\varphi,\rho,\varepsilon)\), \(\dot\rho=R_ 0(\varphi,\rho)+S_ 0(\varphi,\rho)+\varepsilon r_ 1(\varphi,\rho,\varepsilon)\), where \(\omega=(\omega_ 1,\dots,\omega_ m)\) is a positive constant vector, the functions \(\Phi_ 0\), \(\Phi_ 1\), \(R_ 0\), \(S_ 0\) and \(r_ 1\) are sufficiently smooth and \(2\pi\)- periodic in \(\varphi_ 1,\dots,\varphi_ m\), and satisfy the condition \(\Phi_ 0=\Phi_ 1=R_ 0=S_ 0=r_ 1=0\), when \(\rho=0\). Moreover, \(R_ 0\) is a form of order \(N\geq 2\) in \(\rho\), and \(S_ 0=O(|\rho|^{N+1})\). It can be seen that the locus \(\rho=0\) is a trivial invariant torus \(T_ 0\) of \((*)_ \varepsilon\) for all small \(\varepsilon\) \((0\leq\varepsilon<\varepsilon_ 0)\). Then the authors give conditions (omitted here for conciseness) for the bifurcation of a nontrivial branch \(T_ \varepsilon\) \((0<\varepsilon<\varepsilon_ 0)\) of invariant tori of dimension \(m\) for \((*)_ \varepsilon\) with \(T_ \varepsilon\to T_ 0\) as \(\varepsilon\to 0\). Finally, they also study the singular perturbation of system \((*)_ 0\). However, no application of the theorems proved in this paper is considered therein by the authors, although their results should be very interesting in the theory of nonlinear oscillations of ordinary differential equations.