Fake CM and the stable model of \(X_ 0(Np^ 3)\) (Q2369729)

The two authors previously determined a stable model for the modular curve \(X_0(p^3)\) over the ring of integers in \(\mathbb C_p\) for a prime \(p\geq 13\) [\textit{R. Coleman} and \textit{K. McMurdy}, Stable Reduction of \(X_0(p^3)\), preprint available at \url{http://math.berkeley.edu/~coleman/X_0(p^3)/Stable_Xp3.pdf}]. This sequel completes the determination of the stable model of \(X_0(Np^3),\;p\geq 5,\;(N,p)=1\), extending results from its predecessor in four ways: First, the authors show that a stable model for \(X_0(p^3)\) can be defined over any field over which a stable model for \(X_0(p^2)\) exists, and which contains the \(j\)-invariants of all elliptic curves whose formal groups have endomorphism rings isomorphic to \(\mathbb Z_p[p\sqrt{-p}]\) or \(\mathbb Z_p[p\sqrt{-Dp}]\) for \(D\) a non-square mod \(p\). Having endomorphism rings strictly bigger than \(\mathbb Z_p\), these elliptic curves comprise examples of so-called fake CM elliptic curves. As a second result, the authors compute the action of the inertia group on the stable model of \(X_0(p^3)\) after proving that the (real) CM points are dense in the fake CM points which enables them to use the classical machinery of CM elliptic curves to find a field of definition for their model. Afterwards, an approximation formula for the forgetful map \(\pi_f:X_0(p)\to X(1)\) for the special primes \(p=3,5,7\) is obtained. This completes the authors' construction in their earlier paper Finally, the stable reduction of \(X_0(Np^3)\) for \(p\geq 5,\;(N,p)=1\) viewed as fiber product of \(X_0(N)\) and \(X_0(p^3)\) over \(X(1)\) is constructed using rigid-analytic methods already applied in the authors' former paper.