Teichmüller spaces for pointed Fuchsian groups and their modular groups (Q2370102)

A basic question in the theory of Riemann surfaces is to investigate the moduli spaces of the complex structures on a Riemann surface. The Teichmüller space \(T(X)\) of a Riemann surface \(X\) is the biggest of such spaces. It is a contractible complex manifold and is also a branched covering of the classical Riemann moduli space \(R(X)\) when the surface \(X\) is of finite type. Actually, when the surface \(X\) is of finite type, that is, \(X\) is a compact surface with at most finitely many points removed, the Teichmüller modular group Mod\((X)\) acts discontinuously on \(T(X)\) as a group of biholomorphic automorphisms and gives \(R(X)\) as the quotient space, namely, \(R(X)\) = \(T(X)\)/Mod\((X)\). However, this action is not fixed point free and so the Riemann space \(R(X)\) is a normal complex space but in general not a complex manifold. Now, as pointed out by S.~Nag, it is an important problem to classify all the subgroups of the modular group Mod\((X)\) acting freely on \(T(X)\), and correspondingly all the complex quotient manifolds which are intermediate moduli spaces between the Teichmüller space \(T(X)\) and the Riemann space \(R(X)\). Both I.~Kra and S.~Nag, have introduced some classes of such subgroups and discussed the corresponding quotient manifolds. When the Riemann surface \(X\) is of infinite type, the Teichmüller modular group Mod\((X)\) does not necessarily act discontinuously on \(T(X)\). Thus, in this case it is a much complicated problem to classify the intermediate complex manifolds between the Teichmüller space \(T(X)\) and the Riemann space \(R(X)\). It is interesting to find the subgroups of the Teichmüller modular group Mod\((X)\) which act discontinuously and freely on the Teichmüller space \(T(X)\). The primary purpose of this paper is to investigate such a problem for all Riemann surfaces, not necessarily of finite type. In fact, the author discusses a somewhat general problem in the setting of Fuchsian groups. Actually, I.~Kra introduced and discussed some moduli spaces of deformations of Fuchsian groups. He outlined his approach without proofs for Fuchsian groups of finite type. The author investigates these spaces and complete the proofs for general Fuchsian groups, not necessarily of finite type, along the lines of I.~Kra.