Moduli of twisted sheaves (Q2370124)

In this paper the author studies moduli of semistable twisted sheaves on smooth proper algebraic spaces. In the case of relative curves and surfaces, some concrete results on the structure of these spaces are proven. In the first part, the author describes very carefully the definition and the first properties of twisted sheaves on ringed topoi and on Deligne-Mumford stacks. Let \((X, \mathcal{O})\) be a ringed topos and \(A\) a sheaf of commutative groups on \(X\) and \(\chi:A \to G_m\) a character. Given a cohomology class \(\alpha\) in \(H^2(X,A)\), a \(\chi\)-twisted sheaf is defined on the gerbe \({\mathcal X} \to X\). This definition is equivalent to the one given by \textit{A. H. Căldăraru} [Derived categories of twisted sheaves on Calabi-Yau manifolds, Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, (2000)], and it allows to carry out on twisted sheaves an analysis very similar to the one of sheaves on varieties. For example, on a Deligne-Mumford stack, we can define deformation and obstruction theories. Moreover, we can define torsion and Hilbert polynomial for a twisted sheaf and prove results as Riemann-Roch. The author proves the algebraicity of the stack of twisted sheaves on a proper morphism \(X \to S\), and this allows him to define slope-semistability. Finally, by application of GIT, the author proves that the stack of semistable \(\mathcal X\)-twisted sheaves is an Artin stack locally of finite presentation over \(S\). If we fix the determinant and a sufficiently large discriminant, in the case \(\mathcal X\) is optimal, the substack of twisted sheaves with such invariants is generically smooth, normal, geometrically irreducible and l.c.i. along the smooth locus. In the case of a curve \(C\), the author gives an isomorphism between the moduli space \({\mathcal S}h^{\text{ss}}\) of semistable sheaves and the moduli space \({\mathcal T}w^{\text{ss}}\) of twisted semistable sheaves on \(C\) (with the proper adornements added to the symbols). In the case of a surface \(S\), dimension estimates for \({\mathcal T}w^{\text{ss}}\) are given at stable points. Moreover, the author discusses semistability and restriction to curves and proves a Bogomolov inequality in the twisted case. This allows to re-prove a result of Artin and de Jong bounding the second Chern class of an Azumaya algebra over a surface. Finally, some results on asymptotic smoothness and irreducibility are generalized from the classical case to the twisted one in the case the gerbe \(\mathcal X\) is optimal.