Hirota quadratic equations for the extended Toda hierarchy (Q2370127)

Integrable hierarchies have many interesting applications in algebraic geometry, and in particular for purposes of computing Gromov-Witten (GW) invariants of curves. It is known that vertex operators are instrumental for writing Hirota equation of the KdV hierachy satisfied by the tau-function. It is also known (due to \textit{E. Getzler} [in: Symplectic geometry and mirror symmetry. Proceedings of the 4th KIAS annual international conference, Seoul, South Korea, August 14--18, 2000. Singapore: World Scientific. 51--79 (2001; Zbl 1047.37046)] and \textit{Y. Zhang} [J. Geom. Phys. 40, 215--232 (2002; Zbl 1001.37066)]) that extended Toda hierarchy (ETH) governs GW-invariants of the projective line. The aim of the paper is to present a (new) vertex operator approach for computing Hirota quadratic equations for the mentioned ETH. The main results are Theorem 1.1 and Corollary 1.2.