\(q\)-bounded systems: common approach to Fisher-Micchelli's and Bernstein-Walsh's type problems (Q2373922)

Let \((e_k^n)\), \(k=1, \ldots , n\), \(n=1, 2, \ldots\) be a triangular matrix of elements of a Banach space \(X\). For a given \(f \in X\) and \(n=1,2, \ldots\), let \(d_n(f)\) be the distance from \(f\) to the subspace spanned by \(e_k^n\), \(k=1, \ldots , n\). The approximation is called fast if \(\root n \of {d_n(f)} \to 0\) as \(n \to \infty\). Two related problems are considered, Fisher-Micchelli (FM) and Bernstein-Walsh (BW): FM) Given a subset \(H \subset X\), find a system \(e_k^n\) such that each element \(f \in H\) admits fast approximation. BW) Given a system \(e_k^n\), find the set of elements \(f \in X\) admitting fast approximation. The authors offer an approach to both problems based on the notion of the so-called \(q\)-bounded systems. They establish a relation between \(q\)-bounded systems and the Kolmogorov \(n\)-widths. They also consider some concrete systems, for example, \(\{e^{-\lambda_k x}\}_{k=0}^\infty\) in \(L_p(0, \infty)\).