Affine-periodic solutions for nonlinear differential equations (Q2374296)

The authors study affine-periodic systems. Namely, differential equations of the form \[ x'=f(t,x), \] where \(f: \mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}^n\) is such that \[ f(t+T,x)=Qf(t,Q^{-1}x) \] for some \(T>0\) and \(Q \in \mathrm{GL}(\mathbb{R}^n)\). The property of ``affine-periodic invariance'' corresponds to periodicity in time and symmetry in space. When \(Q = I\), this means periodicity; when \(Q = -I\), antisymmetry in space; when \(Q \in \mathrm{O}(n)\), rotating symmetry in space. In this paper, existence results for affine-periodic solutions are obtained by means of topological methods. The paper contains also corollaries in terms of Lyapunov functions as well as a generalization of the invariant region principle for affine-periodic solutions.