The mass-critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation with radial data in dimensions three and higher (Q2378561)

The paper deals with the nonlinear Schrödinger equation \[ iu_t-\Delta u=\mu|u|^{4/d}u\quad\text{in }\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R}^d \tag{NLS} \] with \(\mu=+1\) (defocusing case) or \(\mu=-1\) (focusing case). The authors consider strong \(L^2_x(\mathbb{R}^d)\) solutions defined on a maximal time interval \(I\subset\mathbb{R}\). In the defocusing case with \(d\geq 3\) it has been proved by \textit{T. Tao, M. Visan} and \textit{X. Zhang} [Duke Math. J. 140, No.~1, 165--202 (2007; Zbl 1187.35246)] that every solution with spherically symmetric initial data exists globally, i.e. for all \(t\in\mathbb{R}\), and does not blow-up neither forward nor backward in time. This means that both integrals \[ \int^\infty_0 \int_{\mathbb{R}^d}|u|^{2(d+2)/d}dx d\;t, \quad \int^0_{-\infty}\int_{\mathbb{R}^d}|u|^{2(d+2)/d} dx \,dt \] are finite. In the focusing case, the main concern of the present paper is that there exists a solution \(\overline{u}(t,x)=e^{it}Q(x)\) with \(Q\) being the unique positive radial solution to \[ \Delta Q+Q^{1+4/d}=Q. \] The solution \(\overline{u}\) is global and blows up both forward and backward in time. The authors prove that every solution \(u\) of (NLS) with spherically symmetric initial data \(u_0\in C^2(\mathbb{R}^d)\) and mass \(|u_0|^2_{L^2}<|Q|^2_{L^2}\) is global and does not blow up either forward or backward in time. The argument is based on ideas from \textit{R. Killip, T. Tao} and \textit{M. Visan} [The cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation in two dimensions with radial data, \url{arXiv 0707.3188}].