Generalized Schur numbers for \(x_1+ x_2+ c= 3x_3\) (Q2380263)

Summary: Let \(r(c)\) be the least positive integer n such that every two coloring of the integers \(1,\dots,n\) contains a monochromatic solution to \(x_1+x_2+c= 3x_3\). Verifying a conjecture of Martinelli and Schaal, we prove that \[ r(c)= \left\lceil \frac{2\left\lceil \frac{2+c}{3}\right\rceil+c}{3}\right\rceil, \] for all \(c\geq 13\), and \[ r(c)= \left\lceil \frac{3\left\lceil \frac{3+c}{2}\right\rceil-c}{2}\right\rceil, \] for all \(c\leq -4\).