Composition of transpositions and equality of ribbon Schur \(Q\)-functions (Q2380268)

Summary: We introduce a new operation on skew diagrams called composition of transpositions, and use it and a Jacobi-Trudi style formula to derive equalities on skew Schur \(Q\)-functions whose indexing shifted skew diagram is an ordinary skew diagram. When this skew diagram is a ribbon, we conjecture necessary and sufficient conditions for equality of ribbon Schur \(Q\)-functions. Moreover, we determine all relations between ribbon Schur \(Q\)-functions; show they supply a \(\mathbb Z\)-basis for skew Schur \(Q\)-functions; assert their irreducibility; and show that the non-commutative analogue of ribbon Schur \(Q\)-functions is the flag \(h\)-vector of Eulerian posets.