The planarity theorems of MacLane and Whitney for graph-like continua (Q2380444)

A \textit{graph-like space} is a metric space \(G\) that contains a subset \(V\) so that {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)]for any two elements \(u\) and \(w\) of \(V\), there is a separation \((U, W)\) of \(V\) so that \(u \in U\) and \(w \in W\), and \item[ii)]\(G-V\) consists of disjoint open subsets of \(G\), each homeomorphic to the real line and having precisely two limit points in \(V\). \end{itemize}} In the paper under review the planarity theorems of MacLane and Whitney are extended to compact graph-like spaces: A compact graph-like space does not contain a homeomorph of either \(K_5\) or \(K_{3,3}\) if and only if it has a 2-basis. A compact graph-like space contains no homeomorph of either \(K_5\) or \(K_{3,3}\) if and only if it has an abstract dual-graph.