Some estimates of Schrödinger type operators on the Heisenberg group (Q2380760)

The authors obtain an \(L^p\) estimate and a weak type \(L^1\) estimate for the operator \(\nabla^4_{\mathbb H^n}H^{-1}\) on a Heisenberg group \(\mathbb H^n\), where \(H=(-\triangle_{\mathbb H^n})^2+V^2\) is the Schrödinger type operator with a nonnegative potential \(V\) in the reverse Hölder class \(B_{q}\). The Heisenberg group \(\mathbb H^n\) \((n \geq 2)\) is a nilpotent Lie group with the underlying manifold \({\mathbb R}^n \times {\mathbb R}^n \times {\mathbb R}\) and the multiplication \[ (x, y, t)(x', y', t') =(x+x', y+y', t+t'+2(x'\cdot y-x\cdot y')) \] where \(\cdot\) denotes the usual inner product in \({\mathbb R}^n\). A basis for the Lie algebra of the left-invariant vector fields on \(\mathbb H^n\) is given by \[ X_j=\frac{\partial}{\partial x_j} +2y_j\frac{\partial}{\partial t}, \quad X_{n+j}=\frac{\partial}{\partial y_j}-2x_j\frac{\partial}{\partial t},\;j=1,2,\ldots, n, \quad T=\frac{\partial}{\partial t}. \] The sublaplacian and the gradient operator are defined by \[ \triangle_{\mathbb H^n}=\sum_{j=1}^{2n} X_{j}^2 \] and \[ \nabla_{\mathbb H^n}=(X_1, \ldots , X_n , X_{n+1}, \ldots, X_{2n}), \] respectively. The Haar measure on \(\mathbb H^n\) is the usual Lebesgue measure on \({\mathbb R}^n \times {\mathbb R}^n \times {\mathbb R}\). The measure of any measurable set \(E\) is denoted by \(|E|\) and the homogeneous dimension of \(\mathbb H^n\) is denoted by \(Q=2n+2\). The authors define a homogeneous norm function on \(\mathbb H^n\) by \[ |g|=((|x|^2+|y|^2)^2+|t|^2)^{1/4}, \quad g=(x,y,t) \in\mathbb H^n. \] Then the ball of radius \(r\), centered at \(g \in\mathbb H^n\), is given by \[ B(g, r)=\{ h \in\mathbb H^n : |g^{-1}h| < r \}. \] A nonnegative locally \(L^q\) integrable function \(V\) on \(\mathbb H^n\) is said to belong to the reverse Hölder class \(B_{q}\) \((1< q < \infty)\) if there exists \(C>0\) such that the reverse Hölder inequality \[ \biggl(\frac{1}{|B|}\int_{B}V(g)^q dg \biggr)^{\frac{1}{q}} \leq C\biggl(\frac{1}{|B|}\int_{B}V(g) dg \biggr) \] holds for every ball \(B\) in \(\mathbb H^n\). The main theorem of this paper is as follows: Theorem. Suppose \(V \in B_q\), \(q \geq \frac Q2\). Then, (i) for \(1<p\leq \frac q2\), there exists a positive constant \(C_p\) such that \[ \|\nabla_{\mathbb H^n}^4 H^{-1} f\|_{L^p(\mathbb H^n)}\leq C_p \|f\|_{L^p(\mathbb H^n)}, \] and (ii) there exists a positive constant \(C_1\) such that \[ |\{x\in\mathbb H^n: |\nabla_{\mathbb H^n}^4 H^{-1}f(x)|\geq \lambda\}|\leq \frac{C_1}{\lambda} \|f\|_{L^1(\mathbb H^n)}. \]