Differential operator specializations of noncommutative symmetric functions (Q2381849)

Following [\textit{W. Zhao}, Noncommutative symmetric systems over associative algebras, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 210, No. 2, 363--382 (2007; Zbl 1121.05122)], this is the second in a series of papers which study noncommutative symmetric systems, or \(\mathcal{N}\)CS systems, over various objects. Here, the author studies \(\mathcal{N}\)CS systems over differential operator algebras, followed by the specializations of NCSFs, or ``noncommutative symmetric functions''. Let \(K\langle \langle z\rangle \rangle \) be the algebra of power series in \(z=( z_{1},\dots,z_{n}) \) (which may or may not be noncommutative), and let \(K\langle z\rangle \) be the polynomial ring. For \(\alpha\geq1\) let \(\mathcal{D}^{[ \alpha] }\langle \langle z\rangle \rangle \) be the unital algebra generated by the differential operators of \(K\langle \langle z\rangle \rangle \) which increase the degree in \(z\) by at least \(\alpha-1,\) and let \(\mathbb{A}_{t}^{[ \alpha] }\langle \langle z\rangle \rangle \) be the group of automorphisms \(F_{t}( z) =z-H_{t}( z) \) of \(K[ [ t] ] \langle \langle z\rangle \rangle \) with \(o( H_{t}( z) ) \geq\alpha\) and \(H_{t=0}( z) =0.\) For each such \(F_{t}\) the author constructs a quintuple \(\Omega_{F_{t}}=( f( t) ,g( t) ,d( t) ,h( t) ,m( t) ) \) which forms an \(\mathcal{N}\)CS system over \(\mathcal{D}^{[ \alpha] }\langle \langle z\rangle \rangle .\) Let \(( \mathcal{N}Sym,\Pi) \) be the universal \(\mathcal{N}\)CS system. For \(F_{t}\) as above, there is a unique \(K\)-Hopf algebra \(\mathcal{S}_{F_{t}}:\mathcal{N}Sym\to\mathcal{D}^{[ \alpha] }\langle \langle z\rangle \rangle \) such that \(\mathcal{S}_{F_{t}}^{\times5}( \Pi) =\Omega_{F_{t}}.\) This mapping is made explicit on the coefficients of the 5-tuple of power series in \(\Omega_{F_{t}}.\) This \(\mathcal{S}_{F_{t}}\) is called the differential operator specialization. Various properties of this specialization are proved. For example, for \(\alpha\geq2\) we have \(\mathcal{S}_{F_{t}}\) is \(K\)-graded if and only if \(F_{t}=t^{-1}F( tz) \) for some automorphism \(F( z) \) of \(K\langle \langle z\rangle \rangle .\) Also, a product is constructed on the set \textbf{Hopf}\(( \mathcal{N} Sym,\mathcal{D}^{[ \alpha] }\langle \langle z\rangle \rangle ) \) of Hopf algebra maps which makes is a group, isomorphic to \(\mathbb{A}_{t}^{[ \alpha] }\langle \langle z\rangle \rangle .\) Finally, it is shown that for any fixed \(\alpha\geq2\) and \(P\in\mathcal{N}Sym\) there exists an \(F_{t}( z) \in\mathbb{A}_{t}^{[ \alpha] }\langle \langle z\rangle \rangle \) such that \(\mathcal{S}_{F_{t}}( P) \neq0.\) In other words, any two NCSFs can be distinguished by the family of \(F_{t}\)'s.