A sum-product estimate in algebraic division algebras (Q2382266)

From the text: In this paper, we generalize the Erdős--Szemerédi argument to sets of elements contained in \(\mathbb C\), the field of complex numbers, or \(\mathbb K\), the quaternions, or certain normed subspaces \(V\) of an \(\mathbb R\)-algebra. Theorem 1: Let \(A\) be a finite subset of \(\mathbb C\) or \(\mathbb K\). Then \(| 2A| +| A^2| > | A|^{55/54}\). The proof of the Erdős--Szemerédi Theorem uses the order of real numbers and therefore it does not generalize trivially for the complex case. The problem for the complex case was brought up by I. Ruzsa (private communication). Theorem 1 follows from the following special case. Theorem 2: Fix \(r > 0\) and let \(R\) be the annulus, \(R = \{zr \leq| z| \leq 2r\}\), contained in \(\mathbb C\) or \(\mathbb K\) and let \(B\subset R\) be a finite subset of R. Then \(| 2B| +| B^2| > | B|^{28/27}\) with the implicit constant not depending on \(r\). Note that \textit{J. Solymosi} [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 37, No. 4, 491-494 (2005; Zbl 1092.11018)] has given the sharper exponent \(14/11\).